cuatro.step 1 EHS during the 1951–1980
The only EHS covering at least three stations during the first half of the 60-year study period occurred in 1972. Observed at 16 stations, it covered vast areas of western Russia and some adjacent areas to the north (Fig. 1). Indeed, this exceptionally hot summer was spatially the second largest during the study period and in the northern half of the area examined it was the hottest (Table 4). During all three summer months, the average temperature was above the long-term average, but August was the kissbrides.com visit site hottest. In the central part of the area, this was the hottest August of the entire period. The temperature difference between the long-term average and the temperature of the particular season ranged from 2.3 to 2.7 °C in the far north, to 3.6–3.9 °C in the far south, to 4.5 °C at Tambov (t ? t av + 3?). Days with a temperature higher than 30 °C were recorded even in the north, where they were very rare in other years, while in the south there were 50 such days (two to three times more than the average). In the south, there were also days with a maximum temperature greater than 35 °C. Throughout the area there were cases of hot nights, i.e., 24-h days with a minimum temperature higher than 20 °C, including for example six such days in Arhangel’sk (compared to 0.4 on average) and 17 in Voronez (normally 2.6).
These types of strange thermal anomalies in west Russia was caused by good quasi-fixed anticyclonic circulation (Bardin 2007). Present look (Zveryaev et al. 2012) shows that summer time regarding 1972 was characterised because of the confident stage of one’s North Atlantic Oscillation.
cuatro.2 EHS during the 1981–1990
The fresh new outstanding summer associated with seasons safeguarded new main and eastern components of Western european Russia (Fig. 2). The new EHS is actually noticed from the seven stations, for instance the easternmost Ivdel’ (where it was truly the only eg summer for the period) and you will Ekaterinburg. From inside the Kirov and you may Perm, this is the latest june of your own several months. The common sky heat along the urban area is greater than brand new long-term average from the dos.5–3.3 °C. The heat is greater than this new enough time-term mediocre throughout about three summer-time, however, August was the only acutely sizzling hot times and simply within 50 % of all channels (such as the best of whole period within the Ivdel’, Ekaterinburg and you can Perm), while you are June and you may July didn’t meet up with the traditional. There was numerous months that have a max temperature more than 31 °C, particularly in the south (20–twenty-five, an average of 9–11). Just from the southwest area of the urban area, there were weeks that have minimal temperatures exceeding 20 °C (Dining table 5).
The summer out-of 1988 is actually acutely hot and, such as 1981, air temperature anomalies secure main and you will east parts of Western european Russia, whilst area affected are reduced involving only five stations (Fig. 2). For the three northern stations, this was the latest, and in the truth regarding Kotlas, also the just EHS regarding investigation period. The difference between the average enough time-name and also the EHS conditions varied from dos.step three to three.step 1 °C over the area. July proved such as for example sizzling hot (from the some stations the greatest of the period). Simply into the Ekaterinburg did the fresh temperature prevent lacking meeting the latest standards in every of the months. There were more 10 weeks that have a max temperatures a lot more than 30 °C anyway the new station, along with brand new south, the quantity are nearly 20 (compared to ranging from around three and six typically). Merely remote instances of days which have the absolute minimum temperatures more than 20 °C had been filed throughout the south of your own affected region (Table 5).